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Indigenous Nations of Mexico

The majority of the indigenous population is concentrated in the central and southern states.
According to the CDI, the states with the greatest percentage of indigenous population as of 2015 are:

Oaxaca, 65.73%
Yucatán, 65.40%
Campeche, 44.54%
Quintana Roo, 44.44%
Hidalgo, 36.21%
Chiapas, 36.15%
Puebla, 35.28%
Guerrero, 33.92%
Veracruz, 29.25%
Morelos, 28.11%
Michoacán, 27.69%
Tabasco, 25.77%
Tlaxcala, 25.24%
San Luis Potosí, 23.20%
Nayarit, 22.18%
Colima, 20.43%
Querétaro, 19.17%
Sonora, 17.83%
State of Mexico, 17.00%
Baja California Sur, 14.47%
Sinaloa, 12.83%
Aguascalientes, 11.69%
Chihuahua, 11.28%
Jalisco, 11.12%
Guanajuato, 9.13%
Distrito Federal, 8.80%
Baja California, 8.54%
Durango, 7.94%
Zacatecas, 7.61%
Coahuila, 6.93%
Nuevo León, 6.88%
Tamaulipas, 6.30%

The five states with the largest indigenous-language-speaking populations are:

Oaxaca, with 1,165,186 indigenous language speakers, accounting for 34.2% of the state's population.
Chiapas, with 1,141,499 indigenous language speakers, accounting for 27.2% of the state's population.
Veracruz, with 644,559 indigenous language speakers, accounting for 9.4% the state's population.
Puebla, with 601,680 indigenous language speakers, accounting for 11.7% of the state's population.
Yucatán, with 537,516 indigenous language speakers, accounting for 30.3% of the state's population.

Videos

Native Nations/Languages of Mexico

Amuzgo
(Oaxaca)


Aztecs
Cakchiquel
Caxcan
Chatino
Chichi-Pooloca
Chichimeco Jonaz
Chinanteco
Chol

Chontal

(de Tabasco)

Chuj
Cochimi
Cora
Cucapa
Cuicateca
Guarijio
Huasteco
Huave
Huichol
Ixcateco
Ixil
Jacalteco
Kekchí

Kikapu
(Mexican Kickapoo of
northern Coahuila state)

The Viejito ( old mans ) dance is a mock of the Spanish overlords.
It is performed all over the state of Michoacan during festivals and other observances
.

Kiliwa

Kumiai
(Kumeyaay)

Lacandon

Lipan Apache
north of Chihuahua

Mame
Matlatzinca

Mayan
(Mayan Elders)

Mayo

Mazahua

Mixe
(words)

Mixteca
Motozintleco

Nahua
(Festival)

Olmec

Opata
(Northwestern Sonora)

Otomi
(Festival)

Paipai
(akwa'ala)

Pame
Papago
Pimas
Popoloca
Popoluca

Purepecha

(Tarasco)

Seri
Tarahumara

Tepehua
(Fire Dance)

Tepehuano

Tequistlateco
(Chontal de Oaxaca)

Tlapaneco
Tojolabal
Toltec
Totonaco
Trique
Tzeltal
Tzotzil
Yaqui
Zapoteco
Zoque

The indigenous peoples in Mexico have the right of free determination under the second article of the constitution.
According to this article the indigenous peoples are granted:

the right to decide the internal forms of social, economic, political, and cultural organization;
the right to apply their own normative systems of regulation as long as human rights and gender equality are respected;
the right to preserve and enrich their languages and cultures;
the right to elect representatives before the municipal council where their territories are located.

Indigenous Languages of Mexico

The 62 Mexican living languages
Languages
Number of
speakers
Náhuatl 2,563,000
Maya 1,490,000
Zapoteco or Diidzaj 785,000
Mixteco or ñuu savi 764,000
Otomí or ñahñu 566,000
Tzeltal or k'op 547,000
Tzotzil or batzil k'op 514,000
Totonaca or tachihuiin

410,000

Mazateco or ha shuta enima 339,000
Chol 274,000
Mazahua or jñatio 254,000
Huasteco or tének 247,000
Chinanteco or tsa jujmi 224,000
Purépecha or tarasco 204,000
Mixe or ayook 188,000
Tlapaneco or mepha 146,000
Tarahumara or rarámuri 122,000
Zoque u o'de püt 88,000
Mayo or yoreme 78,000
Tojolabal or tojolwinik otik 74,000
Chontal de Tabasco or yokot'an 72,000
Popoluca 69,000
Chatino or cha'cña 66,000
Amuzgo or tzañcue 63,000
Huichol or wirrárica 55,000
Tepehuán u o'dam 44,000
Triqui or driki 36,000
Popoloca 28,000
Cora or naayeri 27,000
Kanjobal 27,000
Yaqui or yoreme 25,000
Cuicateco or nduudu yu 24,000
Mame or qyool 24,000
Huave or mero ikooc 23,000
Tepehua or hamasipini 17,000
Pame or xigüe 14,000
Chontal de Oaxaca or slijuala xanuk 13,000
Chuj 3,900
Chichimeca jonaz or uza 3,100
Guarijío or varojío 3,000
Matlatzinca or botuná 1,800
Kekchí 1,700
Chocholteca or chocho 1,600
Pima u otam 1,600
Jacalteco or abxubal 1,300
Ocuilteco or tlahuica 1,100
Seri or konkaak 910
Quiché 640
Ixcateco

620

Cakchiquel 610
Kikapú or kikapoa 580
Motozintleco or mochó 500
Paipai or akwa'ala 410
Kumiai or kamia 360
Ixil 310
Pápago or tono ooh'tam 270
Cucapá 260
Cochimí 240
Lacandón or hach t'an 130
Kiliwa or k'olew 80
Aguacateco 60
Teco 50

In the late twentieth century there has been a push for indigenous rights and a recognition of indigenous cultural identity.
According to the constitutional reform of 2001, the following rights of indigenous peoples are recognized:

acknowledgement as indigenous communities, right to self-ascription, and the application of their own regulatory systems
preservation of their cultural identity, land, consultation and participation
access to the jurisdiction to the state and to development
recognition of indigenous peoples and communities as subject of public law
self-determination and self-autonomy
remunicipalization for the advancement of indigenous communities
administer own forms of communication and media

Indigenous Peoples' Literature Return to Indigenous Peoples' Literature

Compiled by: Glenn Welker
ghwelker@gmx.com

Copyright @ 1993-2016

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